Location-Allocation process for Network Analysis for Geographical Information System

Most of the infrastructures planning problems like facility location, allocation of resources, and path planning are based on the network topology created from maps with spatial and non-spatial attributes. The problem is where do you locate new facilities? In this example, the facility can be on any node i.e. at any road junction. It is also possible to locate a facility in the middle of the road segment but for the sake of simplicity in the optimizing process, the facilities are normally located at the roads. They can be then moved over the connected arcs for more refined facility location. However the optimization remains valid whether the location is made on node or on arc. The main areas of its application will be in planning of infrastructure at district level, state level, and province level. Some practical areas where this has good use are in location of facilities like hospital, health centers, schools etc. in an optimum way. The allocation of the facilities to the demand points is another infrastructure requirement, which has lot of potential uses. For example assigning certain facilities like schools to an area where there is certain demand based on certain constraints is the process of allocation. In real world scenario, there are numerous such applications where these types of software tools are very essential. In this research paper, a method is presenting to develop the location-allocation process for network analysis in Geographical Information System (GIS).